Questions tagged [integers]

For questions about the structure, definition, and basic properties of the set of integers, or positive and negative whole numbers, commonly denoted $\mathbb{Z}$. Do not use this tag just because your question involves integers. Consider using (elementary-number-theory) or (number-theory) instead of or in addition to this tag.

The integers are the whole numbers, positive, negative and zero. That is, the integers are the numbers that appear in the infinite list

$$.\quad .\quad .\quad -5\quad -4\quad -3\quad -2\quad -1\quad 0\quad 1\quad 2\quad 3\quad 4\quad 5\quad .\quad .\quad .\quad$$

The set of all integers is denoted by $\mathbb{Z}$. The letter Z comes from the German word "Zahlen" which means "numbers". The integers are related to many other familiar sets of numbers:

$$\mathbb{N} \subset \mathbb{Z} \subset \mathbb{Q} \subset \mathbb{R} \subset \mathbb{C}.$$

The set of integers are closed under addition, subtraction, and multiplication. Together with the additive identity $0$ and the multiplicative identity $1$, the integers form an example of a commutative ring with unity. In fact, it is a Euclidean domain.

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Is every integer a unary operation?

I have been thinking about mathematical operations, and I was trying to ponder what an operation simpler than addition would be. I started thinking about what each operation did (exponents: repeated multiplication, multiplication: repeated…
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It seems to overlap with other content.

It seems to overlap with other content. Sorry for the confusion.
Young
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Is there a proof that doubling the sum of squares of any two integers will always equate to another sum of two squares?

How do I prove: $$\forall \space a,b \in \mathbb Z, \exists \space c,d \in \mathbb Z: 2*(a^2+b^2) = c^2 + d^2$$ $$d<>a, d<> b$$ For example, : $$2*(1^2 + 2^2) = 1^2 + 3^2 = 10$$ $$2*(2^2 + 3^2) = 1^2 + 5^2 = 26$$ $$2*(2^2 + 4^2) = 2^2 + 6^2 =…
Neil Ennis
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Set of Integers not a field

I read that the set of Integers $Z$ is not a field because it does not satisfy the Identity Axiom $X×X^{-1}=1$ The example given was that, according to the Identity Axiom, for a nonzero integer such as 2 there should exist a inverse $n$ such that…
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Number of integers between two "real" numbers

At first thought, the question might appear to be stupid but at least for me it isn't. Note that the question asks the number of integers between two "real" numbers. For example: Number of integers between $1.0$ and $3.1$ is two! Difference =…
Yashas
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Multiplicatively closed subsets of Z

Recently my kids and I ran across the Brahmagupta-Fibonacci identity and noticed that the set consisting of integers that are expressible as the sum of two squares is closed under multiplication. There are other obvious multiplicatively closed…
Jo Jo
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Choose integers so that average is close to given real number

I have a list of integers (that are consecutive). I also have a given real value that is between the min and max of the integers. I want to choose any number of integers from the given list, so that the mean of these integers is optimally close to…
Anand
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Is there a theorem or axiom stating that integers added to integers always yields integers?

I have finished a small proof for school but I realize it relies on the statement that integers added to integers yields integers. I assumed this statement was pretty much just accepted, but considering how central it is to my proof I wanted to cite…
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Let $a,b \in \mathbb{Z}^+ $. If $b\mid a$ and $b\mid (a+2)$ , prove that $b=1$ or $b=2$

Let $a,b \in \mathbb{Z}^+ $. If $b\mid a$ and $b\mid (a+2)$ , prove that $b=1$ or $b=2$. Now, we have $a = b\,n$ and $a+2 = b\,m$ for some $m$ and $n$ in $\mathbb{Z}$. Suppose that $b \ne 1$. So, we have $2 = (m-n) b$. This means that $b\mid 2$.…
user9026
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$x \cdot y$ is an integer and $x - y$ is an integer. Do $x$ and $y$ both have to be integers?

Sorry if this question is kind of stupid, but it randomly came into my mind and I've been thinking about it all day. $xy \in \mathbb{Z}$ and $x - y \in \mathbb{Z}$. Are there any solutions for $x$ and $y$ where either $x$ or $y$ are not integers? I…
virchau13
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Math formula to check two integers

I was just wondering if there is a way to check that two unknowns are integers as follows:- if x and y are two values, and I want to know if these two values are integers by using a formula, I tried adding them and checking if the sum is an integer…
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Show that if $a \neq b$ and a and b are positive then $\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}$ is never an integer

Some observations I made is for $\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}$, is either: the denominator has to be one, the numerator has to be a multiple of the denominator or the numerator and denominator have to be the same. Obviously, with the given…
Caddy Heron
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How can an odd set of integers include even numbers as well?

Given Question Now, when I see the explanation, it says: (-11) + (-9) + (-7) + .... + 0 + .... + 7 + 9 + 11 = 0, so the first 23 numbers cancel each other and the sum is 0. Then 13 + 15 = 28. Therefore there are a total of 25…
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Determine the integers $x$ and $y$, knowing that it verifies the relation: $x^3-x^2y+xy^2-y^3=2023$

Determine the integers $x$ and $y$, knowing that it verifies the relation: $$x^3-x^2y+xy^2-y^3=2023$$ My idea We can write the given relation as $$(x^2+y^2)(x-y)=2023=7\cdot 17^2$$ I wonder if we can solve this problem in a different way than the…
IONELA BUCIU
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Intersecting a translation of an integer set with its complement

So I have a quite specific question: Let $A \subset \mathbb{Z}^d$ and suppose that both $A$ and its complement $A^C$ contain infinitely many elements. Now I assume that for every vector $v \in \mathbb{Z}^d$ the set \begin{align*} (A+v) \cap…
Andreas132
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