Suppose we choose independently two numbers $X$ and $Y$ , at random, from the interval $[0,1]$ with uniform probability density. What is the density of their sum $Z = X + Y$ ?
I know that the answer is: $$ f_Z(z) = \left\{ \begin{array}{lr} z & : 0 \leq z \leq 1\\ 2-z & : 1 < z \leq 2\\ 0 & : \text{otherwise} \end{array} \right.$$
But I'm having a hard time seeing the translation from the P.D.F. of just a single random variable to the sum of two.
I think an explanation for three random variables (i.e. $F_Z'(z')$ for $Z' = A + B + C$ where $A$,$B$, and $C$ are uniformly distributed on $[0,1]$) would help illustrate this.