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Knowing that $\mathrm{O}(n,\mathbb{R})$ is a closed submanifold (of the general linear group) and that $\mathrm{SO}(n,\mathbb{R})$ is one of its subgroups with the same dimension, is there a quick way (possibly using only basic arguments, i.e. without any reference to Lie theory) to see that $\mathrm{SO}(n,\mathbb{R})$ is a maximal connected subset of $\mathrm{O}(n,\mathbb{R})$ ?

Jean
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    Several elementary answers can be found here: http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/100978/how-many-connected-components-does-mathrmgl-n-mathbb-r-have – Thomas May 03 '14 at 12:15

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