I'm doing Artin 11.5.1 and I got stuck on the definition of a residue. More specifically, the question asks:
Let $f = x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1$ and let $\alpha$ be the residue of $x$ in $R=\mathbb{Z}[x]/(f)$. Express $(\alpha^3+\alpha^2+\alpha)(\alpha^5+1)$ in terms of the basis $[1,\alpha,\alpha^2,\alpha^3]$.
I know multiplication gives us the remainder of the product divided by $f$ - I have yet to try computing it - but what does "$\alpha$ is the residue of $x$" mean? Is it relevant to the solution?