Here is a test I have taken in my algebra class:
If $f \in \mathbb Z[X]$ and a prime $p$ does not divide the leading coefficient and $\bar{f} \in \mathbb F_p[X]$ is irreducible, then $f$ is irreducible.
And then my professor gave this polynomial $$X^4 - 10 X^2 + 1 $$ saying it is irreducible but its reduction mod p are all reducible and asked us to be caution for this case.
My question is what the name of the first test is (if there is a name for it)?
My question is what is the relation between the test given at the beginning and this polynomial?
Could anyone clarify this to me please?
Edit:
Also, I would like to see some examples of applying this test?
What about if we apply the test when $p = 5$ for this polynomial $X^4 - 10 X^2 + 1 $ ?