Let $A$ be a ring and $I$ an ideal of $A$. Prove that $I=A$ if, and only if, $I$ has an invertible element of $A$.
It's pretty easy to do this if we consider $A=\mathbb{Z}$: If $x\in I$ and $1\in I$, then by the definition of ideal we have $x+1\in I$. If we split $\mathbb{Z}$ into $\mathbb{Z}=\mathbb{Z}_{> 0}\cup\mathbb{Z}_{\leq0}$, it's easy to see by induction that, for $\mathbb{Z}_{>0}$, $x\in I\land x+1\in I\;\forall x\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0}$ implies that $I$ covers all elements of $\mathbb{Z}_{>0}$ and since every positive integer has a additive inverse, it follows that $I$ also covers all elements from $\mathbb{Z}_{\leq0}$, so $I = \mathbb{Z}$. For the converse it's even more simple: Since $1\in I$, we have for any $x\in \mathbb{Z}$ that $1\cdot x\in I$, so $I=\mathbb{Z}$.
But how can I reformulate this proof for the more general case?