Allow $a,b,c \in \mathbb{Z}$ and $a,c<b$. Does there exist a $b$ such that, for fixed $c$ and $1\leq a \leq b-2$, $a*c \mod b \equiv a+1 \mod b$? For example, $2*c \mod b \equiv 3 \mod b$, $3*c \mod b \equiv 4 \mod b$, and so on up to $(b-2)*c \mod b \equiv b-1 \mod b$.
Some things to note:
- If we allow $1\leq a \leq b-1$, then the only numbers satisfying this property are $b=c=2$. Because of the way we defined our domain for $a$, we imply that $(b-1)*c \mod b \equiv b \mod b \equiv 0 \mod b$. This is only possible if $b-1 | b$, which implies $b=2$. Our only possible value of $a$ satisfying $1\leq a \leq 1$ is $a=1$, and sure enough, $1*2 \mod 2 \equiv 2 \mod 2 \equiv 0 \mod 2$.
- Next, we observe the fact that if $b$ exists, it must be odd, since $2*c \mod b \equiv 3 \mod b$. If $b$ were even (and $b=2k$), then this would imply $2c+2mk = 3 + 2nk$ for some $m,n\in \mathbb{Z}$. This clearly can never be the case.
- Now, note that $c$ would have to be relatively prime to $b$. Otherwise, then if $\frac{b}{c} = d$, clearly $d\in \mathbb{Z}_b$, and $c*d \mod b \equiv 0 \mod b$ instead of $d+1 \mod b$.