I've come across a proof where they use the fact that for $p$ prime, $r, m \in \mathbb{N}$ such that $r|m$ it holds that $(p^r - 1)|(p^m-1)$. I've tried to understand why this must be true, but haven't managed to prove it. Does anyone know how to prove it? And does the result hold for more general cases than $p$ being prime, too?
It further says that from $(p^r - 1)|(p^m-1)$ it follows that $(T^{p^r}-T)|(T^{p^m}- T)$. Why's that?