I have to show that the sequence $x_{n+1}=\sqrt{a+x_{n}}, x_1=\sqrt{a}$ has limit etc. This is part b) of a,b,c on the hw question, to show that this sequence is increasing. On part a) I proved $x_n<1+\sqrt{a}$ but it seems very useless. Is my way to show that $x_{n+1}>x_{n}$ Correct? Also $a>0$ $\text{By induction: } x_n<\frac{1+\sqrt{1+4a}}{2} \\ \text{Base case: }x_1=\sqrt{a}<\frac{1}{2}+\sqrt{a}=\frac{1+\sqrt{4a}}{2}<\frac{1+\sqrt{1+4a}}{2}\\ \text{Assume: }\forall n\in \mathbb{N}, x_n<\frac{1+\sqrt{4a}}{2} \\ 4a+4x_n<4a+4(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+4a}}{2}) \Rightarrow 4(a+x_n)<1+2\sqrt{1+4a}+1+4a \Rightarrow (a+x_n)<\frac{(1+\sqrt{1+4a})^2}{4} \Rightarrow \\x_{n+1}=\sqrt{a+x_n}<\frac{1+\sqrt{1+4a}}{2}\\ \text{Thus this inequality is proved. Now notice that:}\\ x_n-\frac{1+\sqrt{1+4a}}{2}<0 \text{ from the above inequality, and }\\ x_n-\frac{1-\sqrt{1+4a}}{2}>0 \text{ is obvious since the 1 inside the sqrt will kill the 1 outside for all a>0.} \\ \therefore 0>(x_n-\frac{1+\sqrt{1+4a}}{2})(x_n-\frac{1-\sqrt{1+4a}}{2})=x_{n}^{2}-x_n-a\Rightarrow x_n+a>x_n^2 \Rightarrow \sqrt{x_n+a}>x_n\Rightarrow x_{n+1}>x_n. \\ $
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Sounds good to me. It seems duplicated: https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/333050/how-do-i-prove-the-sequence-x-n1-sqrt-alpha-x-n-with-x-0-sqrt-alpha – onRiv Oct 02 '21 at 05:15
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I saw that but they say that the inequality is "obvious" and don't prove it. My professor wouldnt like "obvious" as an argument lmao haha – Goob Oct 02 '21 at 05:21
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@Goob For a shortcut: $,x_{n+1}-x_n=\sqrt{a+x_{n}}-\sqrt{a+x_{n-1}}=\frac{x_n-x_{n-1}}{\sqrt{a+x_{n}}+\sqrt{a+x_{n-1}}},$, so the differences between consecutive terms have the same sign. – dxiv Oct 02 '21 at 05:38
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o thats cool ty – Goob Oct 02 '21 at 05:58
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5Does this answer your question? How do I prove the sequence $x_{n+1}=\sqrt{\alpha +x_n}$, with $x_0=\sqrt \alpha$ converges? ( boundedness?) – Oct 02 '21 at 08:33
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no I saw it before I solved and it didnt help me – Goob Oct 02 '21 at 23:37