Take a look at the integral - $\int \frac{1}{1+\sin^2x}$. The integrand is defined for every $x\in \mathbb{R}$
$\\$ most solutions use the substitution $t = \tan(x)$. $\\$
my question is what about $x=\frac{\pi}{2}+\pi \cdot k$ ? $\\$
the substituion is not defined, and the solution is not defined in these points.