Let $R$ be a commutative Noetherian ring. Then, I cannot construct a counterexample (or proof) for the question posed in the title.
If $R$ is a polynomial ring and all ideals involved are monomial ideals, then this statement is true since it will follow that the minimal generators of $I$, $J$, and $K$ can be contained in polynomial rings in disjoint variables. More generally, it is clear that $K \subset (IJK : I \cap J) \subset (IJK : IJ)$. At this point, it is not clear to me how to proceed.
Any help is appreciated.