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From this link I understood when we can say that two functions are equal. My doubt is can I interpret the same as follows: Let $X$ , $Y$ and $Z$ be three sets, Let $f : Z \rightarrow X$ and $g : Z \rightarrow Y$, be two functions, then if f = g, we can conclude that $X=Y$.

  • It depends on the details... In the usual def we have that $f$ is defined for every $z \in Z$ but not necessarily every $x \in X$ is in the image of $f$. If so, we may have that $X \ne Y$. – Mauro ALLEGRANZA Jan 19 '21 at 09:00

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No. If $f: [0,1]\to [0,1]$ and $g: [0,1]\to \mathbb R$ are defined by $f(x)=x$ and $g(x)=x$ for all $x$ then $f=g$.

PS What is involed here is a matter of conventions. Some authors may not consider my functions as equal.