It is well-known that, given a vector space with an inner product $\langle \cdot,\cdot\rangle$, there is an induced metric $d$ given by $$d(x,y)=\sqrt{\langle x-y,x-y\rangle}$$
Is it true that given a vector space with a metric $d$, there exists an inner product with the above property? I suspect it is not. What conditions are required so that this is true?
Specifically, I am interested in finding an inner product consistent with the one-point compactification topology of $\mathbb{R}^n$, so if there is some condition this space satisfies that is sufficient but not necessary, that is an adequate answer as well.