I already proved it if $1729$ divides $a$, or if it doesn't divide $a$ but it's Greatest Common Divisor is not equal to $1$ (we get that the left side is equal to $0$ and the right side is equal to $0$ thus in these cases $a^{1729}\:=_{1729}\:\:a$ is a true statement).
But I can't find a proof for $1729$ does not divide $a$ and it's Greatest Common Divisor is equal to $1$.