Assume $\text{gcd}(m,n) = {mx + ny} = d$
Prove that $\text{gcd}(x,y) = 1 = d'$
Now for the solution, we know that $\text d'|x$ , $\text d'|y$
so $\text d'|mx + ny$
so $\text d'|d$
After this? Or is this the wrong direction?
Assume $\text{gcd}(m,n) = {mx + ny} = d$
Prove that $\text{gcd}(x,y) = 1 = d'$
Now for the solution, we know that $\text d'|x$ , $\text d'|y$
so $\text d'|mx + ny$
so $\text d'|d$
After this? Or is this the wrong direction?
Let $r$ be a (positive) common divisor of $x$ and $y$, with $x=rx'$ and $y=ry'$: then
$$ d=mx+ny=mrx'+nry'=r(mx'+ry') $$
Then $r$ divides $d$ and so
$$\frac{d}{r}=mx'+ny'$$
which means that $d=\gcd(m,n)$ divides $d/r$; hence $r=1$.
We use the fact that $d$ divides any "linear combination" of the form $mh+nk$ for integer $h$ and $k$.