Probably the following question is trivial, but somehow I do not see a proof or a counterexample.
Let $k$ be a field of characteristic zero, and let $x,y$ be two commuting variables over $k$.
Is $k[y,xy]$ a UFD?
Clearly it is an integral domain, since it is contained in $k[x,y]$.
Edit: Let $k \subsetneq R \subseteq k[x,y]$ be a $k$-subalgebra of $k[x,y]$, with $\dim(R) \in \{1,2\}$.
Is the following claim true: If $R$ is a UFD, then $R[y,xy]$ is a UFD? Notice that $y,xy$ are not algebraically independent over $R$ so we cannot apply this known result.
Examples: (1) $R=k[y^2,y^3,x]$ is not a UFD, but $R[y,xy]=k[y^2,y^3,x,y,xy]$ is a UFD.
(2) $R=k[y^2,y^3]$ is not a UFD, but $R[y,xy]=k[y^2,y^3,y,xy]$ is a UFD (isomorphic to $k[y,xy]$).
(3) $R=[x^2,y^2]$ is a UFD and so is $R[y,xy]$, I guess..
(4) $R=k[x^2,x^3]$ is not a UFD, $R[y,xy]$ is also not a UFD?
If $\dim(R)=2$ and $Q(R)=k(x,y)$ (the field of fractions of $R$ equals $k(x,y)$), is it true that necessarily $R$ is a UFD? No, as example (1) shows. Could we add a 'mild' condition that will guarantee that $R$ is a UFD?
Any hints are welcome; thank you!