I'm reading through some notes (Link to pdf, page 2) proving the isomorphism $\mathfrak X(M)\to\operatorname{Der}(C^\infty(M,\mathbb R))$ between vector fields and derivations.
In order to prove that all derivations $D$ can be locally written as $D=\sum_i a^i \partial_i$ for the smooth functions $a^i=D(x^i)$, the author observes that any smooth function on $\mathbb R^n$ may be written as $$f(z) = f(y) + \sum_i (x^i(z)-x^i(y))g_i(z), \quad\text{where } g_i(y)=\partial_i f(y).$$ Where does this relation come from?