How to compute $5^{64} \pmod{193}$?
My idea was:
$5^{64} = (5^4)^{16} \equiv 625^{16} \equiv 46^{16}\pmod{193}$.
Now I don't understand why it's $46^{16} \equiv (-7)^8 \equiv 49^4 \equiv 85^2 \equiv 84 \pmod{193}$.
How to get it here and how can the power be reduced?