I'm trying to understand some differences in vector spaces over a division ring or field and over an arbitrary ring. I came across this post, and have found it very enlightening. I have a question regarding one of the bullet points in the second answer.
A maximal linearly independent subset needs not be a basis: consider $2\mathbb{Z}$ in $\mathbb{Z}$ as a $\mathbb{Z}$-module
I understand on the surface that we can find such an example, but I don't understand why this is one. Specifically, I don't understand what makes $2\mathbb{Z}$ a linearly independent set in this case. Can't all elements of $2\mathbb{Z}$ be written as linear combinations of 2, making them dependent? I'm definitely missing something, so if someone could enlighten me as to why this example works, I'd be very appreciative. Thanks!