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I've been looking at this question but I can't figure out any ways to approach it. This is from a first year undergraduate number theory class.

2 Answers2

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$$t=kn+r$$

$$a^t= a^{kn+r} = (a^n)^k .a^r \equiv 1.a^r= a^r, \mod (m)$$

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Since $t \cong r \mod n$, then there is some integer $q$ such that $t-r=nq$. This gives us $a^{t-r}=a^{nq}=\left(a^n\right)^q=1^q=1 \mod m$. This give $a^t \cong a^r \mod m$.