Polya’s urn model supposes that an urn initially contains $r$ red and $b$ blue balls. At each stage a ball is randomly selected from the urn and is then returned along with m other balls of the same color. Let $X_k$ be the number of red balls drawn in the first $k$ selections.
(a) Find $\mathbb{E}[X_1]$.
(b) Find $\mathbb{E}[X_2]$.
(c) Find $\mathbb{E}[X_3]$.
(d) Conjecture the value of $\mathbb{E}[X_k]$, and then verify your conjecture by a conditioning argument.
(e) Give an intuitive proof for your conjecture.