I'm reading through a geometry proof that claims that every affine map $f:\mathbb{R}^n\to\mathbb{R}^n$ is the composition of a linear map and a translation. More precisely, $f$ is affine if and only if $f_0 =T_{-f(O)} \circ f$ is linear, where $T_{-f(O)}$ is the translation by the vector $-\overrightarrow{Of(O)}$.
One direction of the proof relies on showing that $f_0(\alpha A + \beta B)=\alpha f_0(A)+\beta f_0(B)$. However, how does this show that $f_0$ is linear? This is exactly what the definition of affine map is, so we've only shown that $f_0$ is affine, which isn't enough. I feel like we still need to show that $f_0$ transforms the origin into itself.
If anyone can recommend a good book on these topics I'd appreciate it, thanks in advance!