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When I first learnt differentiation, I was taught that $\frac{dy}{dx}$ is not a fraction and is, in fact, the limit of a fraction; I was told that, for example, I wasn't allowed to conclude that $dy=dxf(x)$ from $\frac{dy}{dx}=f(x)$.

Instead, I should write:

$\delta{y} \approx {\delta{x}f(x)} \quad\to \quad\frac{\delta{y}}{\delta{x}} \approx{f(x)} \quad\to\quad\lim_{x \to \infty}(\frac{\delta{y}}{\delta{x}})=\frac{dy}{dx} $

However, I've seen manipulations such as:

$d\textbf{F}=dq\times(\textbf{v}\times\textbf{B})\quad\to\quad d\textbf{F}=(Idt)(\textbf{v}\times\textbf{B})=I(\textbf{v}dt\times\textbf{B})\quad\to\quad I(d \textbf{l} \times\textbf{B}) $

or

$dq=nA\textbf{s}e \quad \to \quad \frac{dq}{dt}=\frac{nA\textbf{s}e}{dt}=nA\textbf{v}e$

or

$d\textbf{s}=r\times d\textbf{$\theta $} \quad \to \quad \frac{d\textbf{s}}{dt}=r\times \frac{d\theta}{dt} \quad \to \quad \textbf{v}=r\times\omega\\$

Are such calculations mathematically correct?

Or should the last example be written in the following way:

$\\s=r\theta \quad \to \quad \frac{ds}{dt}=\frac{d}{dt}(r\theta)=r\frac{d\theta}{dt}+\theta \frac{dr}{dt} \quad \to \quad since\quad\frac{dr}{dt}=0 \quad \to \quad v=r\times \frac{d\theta}{dt}\\$

If the above version of the derivation of the angular velocity is the correct one, what would the correct version of the first derivation be?

  • 2
    These make sense as differential forms. – Angina Seng May 03 '18 at 19:43
  • Basically the same as asked yesterday: https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/2761232/are-infinitesimals-i-e-dx-rigorous-and-correct-notation#comment5699829_2761232 – Winther May 03 '18 at 19:59

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