I'd like to find the SVD for the following matrix: $$\left(\begin{array}{cc} 5 & 5\\ -1 & 7 \end{array}\right)$$
I've calculated the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of $XX^{T}$ and the eigenvectors of $X^{T}X$, arriving at $$X=\left(\begin{array}{cc} 5 & 5\\ -1 & 7 \end{array}\right)=U\Sigma V^{T}=\left(\begin{array}{cc} \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} & \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\\ \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} & -\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{cc} \sqrt{80} & 0\\ 0 & \sqrt{20} \end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{cc} \frac{1}{\sqrt{10}} & -\frac{3}{\sqrt{10}}\\ \frac{3}{\sqrt{10}} & \frac{1}{\sqrt{10}} \end{array}\right)^{T}$$ This does not work. However if I multiply the second column of $U$ by -1: $$\left(\begin{array}{c} \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\\ -\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \end{array}\right)\mapsto\left(\begin{array}{c} -\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\\ \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \end{array}\right)$$ Everything works out.
The question is why? Both are normalized orthogonal eigencectors, shouldn't either one work? How do I choose?