Suppose $f$ is a continuous function on $R^1$ with period 1. Prove that $$\lim_{N\to\infty}\frac{1}{N}\sum_{n=1}^Nf(n\alpha)=\int_0^1f(t)dt$$ for every irrational number $\alpha$. Hint: Do it first for $$f(t)=e^{2πikt}$$
How are these two thing connected? Intuitively the left hand side is acting like a Riemann sum but it isn't a Riemann sum. $n\alpha$ is fairly ambiguous and hard to understand. In the long run I understand that $(n\alpha)$ (the decimal value of $n\alpha$) populates the entire interval $(0,1$ fairly uniformly. I don't understand how that may help. I don't know any assistance