Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and let $I$, $J$ be ideals. Define $IJ$ to be all elements of $R$ of the form $ a_1b_1 + a_2b_2 + . . . + a_nb_n $ where $n ≥ 1$ and $a_1, a_2, . . . , a_n $ are in I and $b_1, b_2, . . . , b_n $ are in J.
Prove that $ IJ \subset I \cap J $
This seems really surprising at first glance until I wrote out a couple of examples and found that ideals of the same ring have a lot of things in common. In fact they had everything in common in the cases I found. I'm not really sure how to formally write out this argument and would like to know: why they are not simply equal?