Prelude
First notice that given rings you should never write $A\oplus B$ for rings: in the category of rings you have a product $A\times B$ and a coproduct $A\otimes _\mathbb Z B$ but neither should be written $A\oplus B$.
The answer to your question
There is an equivalence of categories $$Mod_{A\times B}\stackrel {\cong}{\to} Mod_A\times Mod_B $$ in which a module $M$ over $A\times B$ is sent to the pair of modules module $(M\otimes_{A\times B} A,M\otimes_{A\times B} B)$.
The quasi-inverse morphism $$ Mod_A\times Mod_B \stackrel {\cong}{\to} Mod_{A\times B} $$
sends the pair $(N,P)$ consisting of an $A$-module $N$ and a $B$-module $P$ to the $A\times B$ -module $N\times P$, in which multiplication by scalars is of course given by the formula $(a,b)\cdot(n,p)=(an,bp)$
By restricting this equivalence to invertible modules (=finitely generated projective modules of rank one), you get the required isomorphism $$Pic (A\times B) \stackrel {\cong}{\to} Pic(A)\times Pic(B) $$
Scheme-theoretic interpretation
All this is crystal-clear geometrically:
Since $Spec(A\times B)=Spec(A) \bigsqcup Spec(B)$, choosing a line bundle on $Spec(A\times B)$ amounts exactly to the independent choice of a line bundle on $Spec(A)$ and a line bundle on $Spec(B)$.