I'm confused on how these substitutions are occurring. On the first line, it looks like $p(t)=p(t)+q(t)$ and $q(t)=t^2[p(t)+q(t)]$. Then on the second line, it looks like they're subbing $q(t)$ for $t^2p(t)$.
Let $T : \mathbb{P}_2$ -> $\mathbb{P}_4$ be the transformation that maps a polynomial $p(t)$ into the polynomial $p(t) + t^2 p(t)$. Show that $T$ is a linear transformation.