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I was trying to solve $\int \frac{\sqrt{\arctan\frac{1}{x}}}{1+x^2} dx$. I think I have the first step right, which is $\int \sqrt{\arctan\frac{1}{x}} d(\arctan x) $, but I'm not sure how to proceed. I considered integration by parts, but it seems to make the new integrand too complicated. please help. Thanks.

3 Answers3

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$$ u = \arctan\left(\frac{1}{x}\right) \rightarrow du = \frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{x^2}} \cdot \frac{-1}{x^2} dx = \frac{-1}{1+x^2} dx $$ $$ \int \frac{\sqrt{\arctan\frac{1}{x}}}{1+x^2} dx = \int -\sqrt{u} du = -\frac{2}{3}u^{3/2} + C = -\frac{2}{3}\left(\arctan\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)\right)^{3/2} + C $$ So: $$ \int \frac{\sqrt{\arctan\frac{1}{x}}}{1+x^2} dx = -\frac{2}{3}\left(\arctan\left(\frac{1}{x}\right)\right)^{3/2} + C $$

Anonymous
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Sunstitute $u/\tan^{-1}(1/x)$. Thus $x=\cot(u), dx=-\csc^2(u) du$. You should find the trigonometric functions cancel out and the integral is then easy.

Oscar Lanzi
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HINT:

Using Are $\mathrm{arccot}(x)$ and $\arctan(1/x)$ the same function?, as $x>0,$ $$\arctan\dfrac1x=\text{arccot}x=\dfrac\pi2-\arctan x$$

Let $\arctan x=u$