If L is the empty set and therefore a regular language, I know that L concatenated with sigma star is equal L; Are there any other languages that, when concatenated with sigma star will result in the same language?
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$L \Sigma^* = \emptyset \Sigma^* = \emptyset = L$
$\Sigma^*L = \Sigma^* \emptyset = \emptyset = L$
$L \Sigma^* = (S \Sigma^*)\Sigma^* = S \Sigma^* = L$ for all languages $S$
$\Sigma^* L = \Sigma^* (\Sigma^* S) = \Sigma^* S = L$ for all languages S
$L \Sigma^* = (\Sigma^* S \Sigma^*) \Sigma^* = \Sigma^* S \Sigma^* = L$ for all languages $S$
$\Sigma^* L = \Sigma^* (\Sigma^* S \Sigma^*) = \Sigma^* S \Sigma^* = L$ for all languages S.
In short: there are infinitely many distinct languages where appending the language to $\Sigma^*$ (front or back) will yield the same language. An infinite family of such languages is given by $\Sigma^* S \Sigma^*$ where $S$ can be any language whatsoever.

Patrick87
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