I was going through the documentation of GMP (https://gmplib.org/gmp-man-6.1.2.pdf), specially section 15.1.6 where they refer to the use of Fermat's style FFT.
I tried to follow the reference but couldn't quite understand this technique, can anyone explain to me how the Fermat's FFT works?
I don't understand how and why the modulus changes from $(2^N+1)$ to $(2M+k+3)$ using FFT-k splitting?