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I was doing a question which asked about the nature of $\pi$ bonds between the $\ce{Mn}$ and $\ce{O}$ atoms in $\ce{MnO4-}$. According to the answer all the three $\pi$ bonds were formed by $p\pi-d\pi$ overlap. However, I know that the hybridisation of $\ce{MnO4-}$ is $d^3s$. Which means three of the $\mathrm{3d}$ orbitals are involved in hybridisation and only two are left for making $\pi$ bonds. Which means that all the three $\pi$ bonds cannot be formed by $p\pi-d\pi$ overlap. According to me two of the three $\pi$ bonds are formed by $p\pi-d\pi$ overlap and the third is formed by $p\pi-p\pi$ overlap using the unhybridised $\mathrm{4p}$ orbital (to which the electron from $\mathrm{4s}$ gets excited from the ground state).

Where is the flaw in my reasoning?

TRC
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Rhydberg
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    From what I have learnt on this site, hybridization is a very inadequate and often incorrect concept for describing such compounds. – TRC Aug 09 '21 at 04:05
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    The primary flaw is assuming that there are three full pi bonds like you might draw in a Lewis structure. In reality, there are pi interactions, but not three bonds worth. The Mn has positive charge and the O's negative, so there is a strong ionic component as well. – Andrew Aug 10 '21 at 15:17
  • The hybridisation of permanganate is d³s for a duodoctet rule and sp³ for a decaoctet rule. To quote Wikipedia, the academic consensus on this matter is that neither rule is mandatory for transition metals but the rule has to lie somewhere between, with a seperate rule for each transition metal complex. – Kanghun Kim Aug 18 '22 at 04:13
  • For the people who spam comment how "hybridisation is not appropriate for transition metal complexes"- this is true FOR MO THEORY ONLY and not many people, predictably including the OP, are that obsessed with, or even familar with, MO theory. – Kanghun Kim Aug 18 '22 at 04:15

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