I'd like to know how much the number changes depending on whether it's done using hardware or just in software. I'm curious how long you'd have to leave a computer mining bitcoins for it to pay for itself
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Note that you may never mine enough bitcoins to ever recover the cost of the equipment. See http://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/q/485/516 for more information. – Highly Irregular Feb 08 '13 at 18:34
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Hi Chris, your question doesn't really make sense, due to the fact that all software runs on hardware. It also doesn't really have enough information for someone to be able to give you an answer. Finally questions like this one probably already contain the information you are looking for. Since we expect you'll be able to get your answer by looking there, we'll probably close this question just to keep the site clean and uncluttered. – eMansipater Feb 08 '13 at 18:38
1 Answers
It really depends on how much you're willing to spend.
Low end
Let's talk about the very smallest investment you could make for mining bitcoins: a Raspberry Pi. It can do 200,000 hashes per second, which might sound like a lot, but actually it's about 0.000001% of the total network hashrate.
Power: 3.75 W
Hashrate: 0.2 MHash/s
Cost: $35
(Note: this doesn't mean a RPi is useless for mining. You can use it as a host for your ASIC/FPGA miners.)
Mid range
Okay, CPU mining is bad, but what if we use GPU's?
Let's say we use a $162 graphics card, the 5830 from AMD. Let's throw in another $187 for case/motherboard/power supply. (Based off of this list I just threw together.)
Power: 175 W
Hashrate: 302 Mhash/s
Cost: $349
High end
Okay, let's get something specifically designed for bitcoin mining - the ModMiner Quad. It costs $1070, but it needs a host, so let's use a raspberry pi for that.
Power: 43 W
Hashrate: 800 Mhash/s
Cost: $1105
Ultra-high end
Okay, let's say that you have stupid amounts of money to use on mining hardware. Let's say that you can get a Bitforce Mini-Rig. (They are not being sold yet.) In fact, let's say that you can get 10 of them. This gives you 40% of the bitcoin hashrate.
Power: 15,000 W
Hashrate: 15,000,000 Mhash/s
Cost: $299,000
The lesson here is that you can spend any amount of money on bitcoin mining.

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