If your only worry is about being on the correct data plan, you should not have to do anything.
For CDMA carriers like Verizon or Sprint, your ESN will be registered with correct access speeds when you sign up for service with those companies.
For GSM carriers (like AT&T and T-mobile, for example) there are different APN settings for various data speed tiers (e.g. 2G only, 3G HSPA, 4G HSPA+, 4G LTE, etc.) When signing up for a particular plan with these companies, you will be given the appropriate settings that will limit your line's data speed appropriately. Even using the wrong APN settings won't do any harm, since your account is associated with the correct tier. The data connection simply won't work unless the correct settings are restored.