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When I access to the TWRP (version 3.2.1-0) and select the Wipe button, the screen says:

Wipes Data, Cache, and Dalvik (not including internal storage)

Most of the time this is the only wipe that you need

But the description of the slider says:

Swipe to Factory Reset

Is Factory Reset the same with Data, Cache, and Dalvik wiping? What is the difference between the data it is about to wipe and internal storage?

Ooker
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    "internal storage" is the different name for the "sdcard section" /sdcard. This is the one you can access via MTP. – Robert Dec 26 '20 at 14:19
  • The data that can be accessed via MTP is more than just data in SD cards, am I right? – Ooker Dec 26 '20 at 14:21
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    You will get a better understanding on reading TWRP FAQ What should I wipe in TWRP?, though it's not updated with the latest developments. – beeshyams Dec 26 '20 at 14:35
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  • via MTP only /sdcard and /external_sd is accessable. 2) while your question is about the difference between "normal" wipe and "advanced" wipe (formatting), it is anyway interesting question if TWRP is even able to perform "real" factory reset at all
    • – alecxs Dec 26 '20 at 17:01
  • @alecxs why is the folder is named as /sdcard when it's not actually an sd card? And why do you think TWRP cannot perform real factory reset? – Ooker Dec 26 '20 at 17:27
  • you can find even such philosophical debates here https://android.stackexchange.com/q/137081 2) recently figured out that "real" factory reset will send instructions to Keymaster discard encryption keys stored in TEE https://chat.stackexchange.com/transcript/message/56532243#56532243
    • – alecxs Dec 26 '20 at 17:47
  • very good explanation of android partitions on xda-developers

    https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/215683/trying-to-understand-the-options-in-twrp-backup#comment276228_215683

     – alecxs Dec 26 '20 at 19:56
  • although it's deleted question you may find it helpful https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:lyaQYDN7wkIJ:https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/231411/why-do-people-consider-mobiles-inbuilt-memory-as-internal-storage-and-sd-cards – alecxs Dec 26 '20 at 20:17