Apparently the SD-card in my phone was a fake. It reports 32Gb, but it only seems to store 16Gb.
Now, I had that thing in my phone for a couple years now, it worked great, but this morning my smartphone reported that the SD-card was missing and I should put it back in. I'm on a non-rooted device, and according to this answer I need the decryption key if I want to get my data back. Now I'm stuck with half an SD-card, unable to get that key.
Any ideas?